Gambling Disorder

The amount and duration of gambling increased in the pandemic due to the time spent at home. So, it has become essential to know and recognize the gambling disorder. Gambling is defined as the act of risking something else in hopes of gaining a higher value win. Gambling disorder (GD) refers to the behavior of gambling continuously and in a way that causes impairment in functioning. GD affects both the individual and their family negatively. These negativities are social problems, financial losses, suicide attempts, legal problems, workplace problems, and poor life quality.
In 2013, GD was classified as the first for behavioral addiction recently in the “Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders” group of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

What is Prevalence of Gambling Disorder?

                The annual prevalence of GD in the general population is between 0.2% and 0.3%, while its lifetime prevalence is between 0.4% and 1%. Although GD is more common among men, it has started to increase among women in recent years. In a study, it was determined that 1/3 of those who have gambling problems are women. While GD generally emerges in adolescence in males, it emerges between 20 and 40-year-old in females. Although the late-onset is seen in women, the progression is faster. The gender difference also affects the preferred game type. While women prefer games related to luck (Slot machines, bingo, video poker games, etc.), men prefer games that require skill (card games, horse racing, sports claims, etc.).

Comorbidities
                It is expected that there are other accompanying psychiatric conditions with GD. In a study, it was reported that the lifetime rate of GD was 0.6%, 96% of these people met the diagnostic criteria for at least one mental disorder throughout their lives, and 49% were treated for a mental disorder. It was found that the risk for GD increased three times in Substance Use Disorder, while the risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD) increased four times in the presence of GD. So, it is crucial to refer the individual to a psychiatrist to accelerate the treatment when GD is suspected.

Why Gambling Disorder is Important?

                Because of its relevance to society, gambling disorder should draw the attention of not only psychiatrists, psychologists, other mental health professionals but also other healthcare institutions. However, it is essential to understand how best to regulate gambling and prevent and treat gambling disorders to protect public health. Only 10% of individuals diagnosed with GD apply to treatment. Psychiatrists conduct gambling disorder treatment. So, it is essential to refer an individual to a psychiatrist as soon as a gambling disorder is suspected in both an individual's health and public health.